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A monatomic ideal gas performs the cycle $1 \to 2 \to 3 \to 4 \to 1$ shown on the $p$–$V$ graph (see the figure): $1 \to 2$ is isochoric heating, $2 \to 3$ isobaric expansion, $3 \to 4$ isochoric cooling, $4 \to 1$ isobaric compression. On the graph the pressure is given in units of $10^5$ Pa and…
The efficiency of a heat engine is $\eta = 40\%$. In one cycle the engine takes a quantity of heat $Q_1 = 1000$ J from the heater. Find the work done by the engine in one cycle.
A gas absorbs a quantity of heat $Q = 500$ J and at the same time does work $A = 200$ J. Find the change in internal energy of the gas.